Rheumatoid Arthritis Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Rheumatoid Arthritis, including details on treatment, symptoms, causes, medication.

Ezetimibe and simvastatin reduce inflammation, disease activity, and aortic stiffness and improve endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis.

Mäki-Petäjä KM, Booth AD, Hall FC, Wallace SM, Brown J, McEniery CM, Wilkinson IB

Clinical Pharmacology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. km391@cam.ac.uk

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of simvastatin and ezetimibe on inflammation, disease activity, endothelial dysfunction, and arterial stiffness in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Statins reduce inflammation and disease activity in RA patients, but whether this is due to pleiotropism or cholesterol lowering per se is unclear. METHODS: Twenty patients received 20 mg simvastatin or 10 mg ezetimibe each for 6 weeks in a randomized double-blind crossover study. Disease activity, blood pressure, aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and serum inflammatory markers were measured before and after each treatment. RESULTS: Both ezetimibe and simvastatin significantly reduced total cholesterol (-0.62 +/- 0.55 mmol/l and -1.28 +/- 0.49 mmol/l, respectively; p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-0.55 +/- 0.55 mmol/l and -1.28 +/- 0.49 mmol/l; p < 0.0001), and C-reactive protein (-5.35 +/- 9.25 mg/l and -5.05 +/- 6.30 mg/l; p < 0.001). Concomitantly, Disease Activity Score (-0.55 +/- 1.01 and -0.67 +/- 0.91; p = 0.002), aortic PWV (-0.69 +/- 1.15 m/s and -0.71 +/- 0.71 m/s; p = 0.001), and FMD (1.37 +/- 1.17% and 2.51 +/- 2.13%; p = 0.001) were significantly improved by both drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that both ezetimibe and simvastatin reduce disease activity and inflammatory markers to a similar extent in patients with RA. Therapy is also associated with a concomitant reduction in aortic PWV and improvement in endothelial function. This suggests that cholesterol lowering per se has anti-inflammatory effects and improves vascular function in RA.

Published 27 August 2007 in J Am Coll Cardiol, 50(9): 852-8.
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